Ukuphatha izipakethi zemithwalo yezempilo ngokuthula

Amasosha Okulandela Kwamabaguli Amane Emithi Yemihlaba

I-ASTM D1795, i-WHO, nezindlela zika-EPA zokuphelele kwezibhaguli zemithi yemihlaba nokubhala ngolwandle

Izibhaghi zezinto ezingavumelekileyo zokusebenza kwezimpilo zihlala ngamaphakathi amahle okukhanya kuzo zonke izindawo zokusebenza kwezimpilo emhlabeni wonke, ngokulandela imithombo yezindustria ephakeme okunqunywa yonke. ASTM D1795 isetshenziswa ukuchaza izinto ezifanele ukuthi lezi bhaghi zizobhekana nazo ngokuphatha kwezinkambu nezinkambu. Bazojonga izinto ezifanele njengokubheka ubude bezikhalini, ukuphakama kwabo xa kubhekwa ukuthi kuyabhekwa ngokuphakama, nokuthi bakhona na xa kubhekwa ukuthi kubhekwa ngokuphakama. Lokhu kusiza ukuthi abasebenzi bokusebenza kwezimpilo bakhulekile ukuthi bazobhekana nabo ngokuxhumana ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuzwa ukuthi kungabi nesiphelo noma ukuthi kubhekwa ngokuphakama. Ukuchaza ngolwimi lwemibala lwenza lapha futhi. I-EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) ibeka imibala esithile yokuvumela izinto ezingavumelekileyo, ngekhanda elikhulu lokusho ukuthi kunezinto ezingavumelekileyo zokufinyelela kwezinye izinyawo. Imithombo yase-WHO (World Health Organization) isiza ukuthi izinto zibe yisibonelo sokuhlanganisa emhlabeni wonke, ukuthi izilabeli zibe nezimbolo zokuhlonipha ezinamandla emhlabeni wonke futhi ngamanye amazwi zingathola amazwi amaningi okuchaza ukuthi kungani kuyisibonelo sokuhlonipha, ukuze bonke bazi izinkinga ezinjalo. Xa kufikile ekutheni kwezinto ezisebenzayo, akukho indlela yokuhlukanisa. Lezi bhaghi kufanele zibe ngenani engaphezulu kwe-3 mils ubude futhi ziyafanele ukwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-HDPE noma i-LLDPE plastics. Kungani? Ngoba lezi zinto zizokhula ngokuphakama kwezinyawo, izinyawo zokusebenza kwezimpilo, futhi ngokuphakama kwezinyawo zokucleansing zokusebenza kwezimpilo zonke izinsuku.

Kungani Ukungafaneleka Kwemisebenzi Yokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqinisa Isithakazelo Sokuqin......

Kodwa uma izipakethi zemithwalo ayisebenzi ngokulingana nemifanekiso, baphula konke lezindlela zokulawula ezibalulekileyo—futhi lokhu kubiza isikhundla esikhulu. I-EPA (I-Agensi Yokuhlomula Umhlaba) inokubhisha amathuluzi ngamafini angaphezu kwe-$76k ngalunye ulwazi olungafanele kusukela kumthwalo wokugcina, ukubhala, noma ukugcina ngokufanele ngokwesiqulelo sezinkampani zabo ngeminyaka yase-2023. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahospitale okuphatha i-FDA Form 483 ngokuphathwa okubi kwemithwalo ayabuyisa izinkinga ezingu-740,000 ngonyaka ngokusho kwesiqulelo sika-Ponemon esayisenzeka ngo-2023. Izipakethi ezingaphilile ziyakwenza abantu bakwazi kubona izibhakabhaka eziningi ezinconywa ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ezingcono ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhakabhaka ngokuphambuka kwezibhak......

Ukusebenzisa Ngokuphelele Ukugcina Imibhakiso Yemithwalo Ngokuphelele Kwenqamulelo Yayo

Izindlela Zokusebenza Ngokuhle: Imibhakiso Yemithwalo Ezingavulwa Ngokuphelele, Izisiko Zokugcina Ezihlanganisiwe, Nokufundisa Abasebenzi

Ukugqamisa kusebenza kahle kakhulu uma kuyadlula ngokuphakeme kwezinto eziyadlulwa. Kunezinto ezintathu ezingafanele ukuthi zisebenze ngokuhlanganisa ukuze lokhu kwenziwe. Okokuqala, ngokwesifundo sika-OSHA, izibonakaliso zonke eziphakemayo izinto eziphakeme noma izinto eziphakeme zokufa kufanele zibe nezinkundla zokungabonakali ngokuphakeme. Isibonelo esihle kukuthi izibonakaliso ze-HDPE ne-LLDPE eziphakemayo okunye nezifundo zaka-ASTM D1795 zisatisfy lezinkinga ngaphandle kokudibanisa amaphakathi okanye izibonakaliso ezinye. Ekugcineni ekubhaleni, izihospitali kufanele zithengise imithambo eyodwa emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonakaliso emithambo yezibonak......

• • Ukugqamisa ngokushesha kwezindawo zokugcina (isibonelo, umbala omncane wokugcina izinto ezingenziwa yizinhlobo zezithakazelo, umbala omnyama wokugcina izinkampani zokuphatha izihlathi, umbala omhlophe wokugcina iziphalaphala ezingenziwa yizinhlobo zezithakazelo)
• • Imilinganiselo yokufaka (kukhulu kwezinyanga) ukungavimba ukuthi kubhekene nokuvimba kakhulu nokungafani kokugcina
• • Ukubona amasignali okuhle kokugcina (isibonelo, ukubuka njengezincwadi, ukubuka njengezincwadi, ukungafani kwemithambo yokuqinisa)

Lapha kubhekene nezindlela zokugcinwa ezivimba izimpilo, ukufundisa okuqondile kunciphisa izinkinga zokugcina ngamaphoyinti ngama-43% futhi kunciphisa izirhwebu zokugcina ngamaphoyinti ngamashumi amabili nesithathu.

Ukugcina okuhle, ukuthumela okuhle, nokuthumela okuhle okunqamulekile kwezinsuku zokugcina

Imilinganiselo yase-OSHA vs. Izinkinga zokugcina zokugcina: Ukuvikela ukuthi iziphalaphala zokugcina ziyahle kuzo zonke izindawo zokuthumela

Ukuqondisa Kwezokuphatha Kwemisebenzi Nezokuphatha Kwemisebenzi Kuyaseta isikhathi sesikhombisa esingama-30 ngokuthi kubuswe izinto eziphathelene nesifundo sezempilo ezisemthwakathini apho kuzokwenzwa emva kokusebenzisa. Kodwa ngempela, ukuchitha kwesikhathi sokushisa kuyabulawa lezi zibag eziphathelene nesifundo kude kakhulu ngaphambi kokufika kwesikhathi esisiza. Uma isikhathi sokushisa sika-summer siphuma phezu kwe-110 degrees Fahrenheit, isiplastiki sibulawa kushisa kunezinhloso zokubulawa. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi lezi zibag zibe nzima kwezinye ngokulingana ne-30% ngokuthi kuzokwenzwa njani ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuzokwenzwa ukuthi kuz......

• • Isibonelo sokugcina isikhathi sokugcina isikhathi : Iimfubuzi ezingavimbela okanye izinto ezingakwazi ukuguqula isimo esifanayo esivumelwe ukuba zisibophelela ngaphezulu kuka-48 amahora okugcina isikhathi
• • Ukujonga ngokushesha kwendawo : Izisensor ezinamathuluzi e-wireless ezithabatha izinombolo zokugcina isikhathi ezihlanganisa i-dashboard yezindlela zokusebenza kwe-EHS yendawo
• • Izindlela zokuhambisa eziyisizinda sokukhanya : Abahambisi abavumelwe ngaphambi koko nezibhalo zokuthembeka kokusebenza kwezindawo zokuphakama kwezintemperatura noma zokuphansi kwezintemperatura
• • Ukufundisa abantu abasebenza : Izindlela eziphawulekileyo zokuphucula ukugcina isikhathi, futhi kufaka ukugcina kwezinto kwiindawo eziphakanyiswa nokubuyisela kwezinto emva kokugcina isikhathi

Ukugcina isikhathi ngokuphambili kusiza ukuthi isibonelo sokugcina isikhathi siyafana nokubalwa kwe-OSHA yezinsuku ezigcina-30—akungaba kuphela kuthetheka, kodwa ngokwesibonelo sokusebenza.

Ukubhalwa kwezinto ezingasenziwa: Ukujonga, Ukubhala, nokuvumela ukususa kwezinto ezingasenziwa

Ukukhulula izinto ezingavumelekileyo zokusebenza ngemithambo kuyadinga ukuziphatha ngokuphelele kwenkqubo yonke—akukho kuphela ukubhala amaswidi wokuvumela kusihloko. Amahospitale kufanele abhalise amabhalo ngalokho okungavumelekileyo ngalinye kusukela xa kufakwa kuqondiswano kuya kuhambisana nokuthi umuntu othile aqinisekise ukuthi kwenziwe ukuzivikela kwakho. I-EPA iyakwakha amafasilithi ngamaphawu angu-$75,000 ngalinye lapho amabhalo ayakhiwa noma ayakhelwe, okuyisibonelo sokuthi abaningi bamasipala amakhulu abuyile kumashini wezibhalo zokuvumela le sizwe. Lezi zikhombisa kahle uma zihlanganiswa nezibhalo zokubhala (barcodes) noma izithag zokubhala ngokushesha (RFID) ezifakwe ngqo emazinkundleni okungavumelekileyo. Ukuvikela kahle ukuthi kwenziwe ukukhulula kufanele kubhekwa ngabantu abangaphandle, njengokubheka amabhuku wokugcina kwe-autoclave okwakhiwe ngabantu abangaphandle noma ukubheka amabhuku wokuvikela ngemithambo yokuchitha okubonisa lokho okushiywa emva kokuzivikela. Lokhu kusiza ukuthi akukho lotho olungavumelekileyo lizofika kabusha ekhaya yomhlaba ngokungavumelekileyo. Amashini amaningi okuphatha izinto ezingavumelekileyo kuzothola ngokuzenzakalelayo izinkinga zokubhala, njengokuthi inombolo yezibhalo ayifani noma isikhathi sokuzivikela asibonakali. Ukuthola lezi zinkinga kuqala kusiza kakhulu ngalokho okubhekwa ngokuvumela noma ukubhekwa ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izimali ezibalulekile zokusebenzisa izipakethi zemithwalo yezempilo ziyini?
Izimali njenge-ASTM D1795, WHO, kanye nezimali zepolokasi zase-EPA zibalulekile ukuthi zihlinzekwe ubuhle bokusebenzisa izipakethi zemithwalo yezempilo.

Kungani ukubhala ngomthwalo wamabala kubalulekile kuzipakethi zemithwalo yezempilo?
Ukubhala ngomthwalo wamabala kusiza ekuboneni uhlobo lwemithwalo, noma kubhala ngomthwalo wamabala okodwa kumithwalo eyodwa, okusiza ekuphuleni kahle.

Izihospitali ziyakwenza ntoni uma izipakethi zemithwalo azikhiphe izimali?
Ukungafanelela kungazisiza emaphishini amakhulu, imiphumela yokufa kwemithwalo, kanye nezinkinga zokungafanelela kwezivivinyo.

Ukuchaza kakhulu kuyakwenza ntoni kugcina izipakethi zemithwalo?
Izimo zokuchaza kakhulu kungasiza ukuthi izipakethi ziphatha kahle, futhi zizoba zingathwaliwa ngokushesha kanye nezibhakasha, okubonisa ukuthi kudingeka ukuthi izindlela zokuthengisa zibe senzakalo sokuchaza kakhulu.